How do annotations with elements (parameters) work, including default values and the special `value` element?

Annotation elements are declared as methods (with no body) inside the @interface, optionally given a default value via the default keyword; an element specifically named value gets special syntactic sugar, letting callers omit the value = prefix when it's the only element being set (@MyAnnotation("text") instead of @MyAnnotation(value = "text")) -- elements can be primitives, String, Class, enums, other annotations, or arrays of these types, but never arbitrary objects.

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Endpoint {
    String value();  // special "value" element
    String method() default "GET";
    int timeout() default 30;
}

@Endpoint("/users")  // shorthand for value = "/users"
@Endpoint(value = "/users", method = "POST", timeout = 60)  // full explicit form
public void handler() { }