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More in Auto Scaling Groups
What is a launch template and how is it used by an Auto Scaling Group? What scaling policies are available in Auto Scaling Groups, such as target tracking and step scaling? How do health checks work within an Auto Scaling Group to maintain a healthy fleet of instances? How can Auto Scaling Groups span multiple Availability Zones to improve application availability? How do lifecycle hooks in Auto Scaling Groups let you customize instance launch and termination behavior? How can predictive scaling in Auto Scaling Groups improve upon reactive scaling policies?
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What is an Auto Scaling Group in AWS and what problem does it solve?

Beginner

Answer

An Auto Scaling Group is a service that automatically manages a collection of EC2 instances, launching new instances when demand increases and terminating instances when demand decreases, ensuring your application always has the right amount of compute capacity available to handle current traffic while avoiding the cost of running unnecessary idle servers during quiet periods.
aws autoscaling create-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name my-asg --min-size 2 --max-size 10 --desired-capacity 2 --launch-template LaunchTemplateName=my-template
Real-world example An online retailer configures an Auto Scaling Group for its web servers so that during a big sale event, more instances launch automatically to handle the traffic surge, and afterward, unnecessary instances are terminated to save cost.

Common follow-ups: What is the difference between minimum, maximum, and desired capacity?;How does an Auto Scaling Group decide which Availability Zone to launch instances in?

EC2 & Compute;Elastic Load Balancing (ALB NLB & CLB)
All 7 Auto Scaling Groups questions